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Pharmacist: Career Information

By Dawn Rosenberg McKay, About.com

Job Description: Pharmacists dispense prescription drugs to patients. They provide information about those drugs and help patients understand the instructions their doctors or other health practitioners provided. They monitor their patients' health and progress to make sure their medications are working effectively and safely.
Employment Facts:

Pharmacists held about 230,000 jobs in 2004. More than half worked in community pharmacies (61%) as salaried employees. Others working in community pharmacies were self-employed. Almost a quarter worked in hospitals. The rest worked in clinics, mail order pharmacies, pharmaceutical wholesalers, home health care agencies or for the Federal government.

Education: To work as a pharmacist one must have a Doctor of Pharmacy degree, known as a Pharm.D. Pharm.D. programs are usually four years long. To gain admission one must have at least two years of college study with courses including math, chemistry, biology, physics, humanities and social sciences. Many Pharm.D. programs also require applicants to take the Pharmacy College Admissions Test. Doctor of Pharmacy programs include coursework in pharmaceutics and pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacology (effects of drugs on the body), toxicology and pharmacy administration.
Other Requirements: In all states pharmacists must pass the North American Pharmacist Licensure Exam and a test of pharmacy law in order to practice. Other states also require that prospective pharmacists pass additional state-specific exams. All states, except California, give licenses to pharmacists who are licensed to practice in another state.

Pharmacists must have scientific aptitude, good communication skills, and be detail-oriented. They must also be conscientious and want to help others.

Advancement: Pharmacists working in independent pharmacies may become owners or part-owners after they gain experience and secure the necessary capital. Those in chain drugstores may be promoted to pharmacy supervisors or store managers, then to district or regional managers and eventually to executive positions at the headquarters. Hospital pharmacists may be promoted to supervisory positions. Those who work in the pharmaceutical industry may advance in areas including marketing, sales, research, or quality control.
Job Outlook: Employment of pharmacists is expected to grow faster than the average for all occupations through 2014.
Earnings:

Median Annual Earnings in the Industries Employing the Largest Numbers of Pharmacists (U.S., 2004*)

  • Department stores: $86,720
  • Grocery stores: $85,680
  • Health and personal care stores: $85,380
  • General medical and surgical hospitals: $84,560
  • Other general merchandise stores: $84,170

Use the Salary Wizard at Salary.com to find out how much pharmacists currently earn in your city.

A Day in a Pharmacist's Life:

On a typical day a pharmacist will:

  • advise physicians and other health practitioners on the selection, dosages, interactions, and side effects of medications;
  • monitor the health and progress of patients in response to drug therapy;
  • advise patients and answer questions about prescription drugs, including questions about possible side effects and interactions among different drugs;
  • provide information and make recommendations about over-the-counter drugs;

Pharmacists may also

  • give advice about diet, exercise, or stress management;
  • help patients manage conditions such as diabetes, asthma, smoking cessation, or high blood pressure;
  • advise patients about durable medical equipment and home healthcare supplies;
  • complete third-party insurance forms and other paperwork;

Pharmacists who own or manage drugstores may supervise personnel, as well as have other general managerial duties.

*This is the most recent year for which this information is available.

Information courtesy of Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2006-07 Edition, Pharmacists, on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos079.htm (visited February 21, 2007).

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